El síndrome metabólico en el paciente renal

Abstract

A metabolic syndrome is defined as a set of factors that occur in an individual that lead to insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinism associated with disorders of hydrocarbon metabolism, high blood pressure, lipid disorders and obesity. It has been shown that this syndrome increases the possibility of suffering from cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus and is therefore considered a cardiovascular risk and mortality factor in the general population. In patients with chronic renal disease in substitution treatment this syndrome is not only frequent but its consequences can be more devastating and it can affect up to a third of this population. Factors common to the general population such as age and sex and others specific to renal disease and its treatment favour its appearance and numerous studies carried out on renal patients reflect the possible impact of the form of treatment, the dose of dialysis or the inflammatory phenomenon on metabolic syndrome 3. Since the prevalence of vascular events in renal patients is so high, the surveillance and control actions carried out by nurses take into account any characteristics considered to be a risk factor for these problems. In addition to the systematic determination of classic determinations such as blood pressure, other parameters such as the analysis of body composition measured by spectroscopic bioimpedance have been used for years.