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Abstract
Introduction: The progression of chronic kidney disease could be directly or indirectly associated with overweight and obesity; however, until now there is not enough evidence to verify this association.
Objective: To determine if overweight and obesity are factors that contribute to a more accelerated progression of chronic kidney disease in a sample of patients from the Centro Médico Naval.
Material and Method: A comparative, longitudinal, and retrospective study was carried out. Changes in normal weight, overweight, and obesity were determined based on glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria levels presented by such patients. Data collection was performed using a custom-designed instrument during a 3-year follow-up from January 2019 to December 2021.
Results: The results show an increasing trend in the progression of chronic kidney disease.
Conclusions: Despite the increasing trend, a statistically significant association between overweight and obesity and the progression of this disease could not be proven.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Carlos Mendoza-Niño, José Daniel Martínez-Robles, Isidora Gallardo-García
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References
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- Opazo-Ríos L, Mas S, Marín-Royo G, Mezzano S, Gómez-Guerrero C, Moreno JA, Egido J. Lipotoxicity and Diabetic Nephropathy: Novel Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2020;21(7):2632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072632
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- Othman M, Kawar B, El Nahas AM. Influence of Obesity on Progression of Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Nephron Clin Pract 2009; 113(1):16–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000228071
- Lu JL, Molnar MZ, Naseer A, Mikkelsen MK, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP. Association of age and BMI with kidney function and mortality: a cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015;3(9):704–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00128-X
- Semanat D, Fernandez M, Torres R, Sat F. El exceso de peso como un factor de riesgo de complicaciones durante la hemodiálisis iterada. Rev Cubana Aliment Nutr 2017;27(1):49–67.
- Chen TL, Knicely DH, Grams M.E. Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis and Management: A Review. JAMA 2019;322(13):1294–304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.14745
- Bach P, Saéz A, Delgado Y, Sobrano O, Redondo D, Junyent E. Obesidad, diabetes y trasplante. Enferm Nefrol 2017; 20(1):82–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4321/S2254-28842017000100011
References
García-Carro C, Vergara A, Bermejo S, Azancot MA, Sellarés J, Soler MJ. A nephrologist perspective on obesity: From kidney injury to clinical management. Front Med 2021;8:1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.655871
Wang M, Wang Z, Chen Y, Dong Y. Kidney Damage Caused by Obesity and Its Feasible Treatment Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2022;23:747. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020747
Lakkis LI, Weir MR. Obesity and Kidney Disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018;61:157–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.005
Garland JS. Elevated body mass index as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease: current perspectives. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2014;29:347–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S46674
Wang YD, Gao MF, Fu BW, Ma QY, Yuan Y, Chu CC. Risk factors for subclinical renal damage and its progression: Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021;75:531–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-00752-x
Noor A, Rahman MU, Faraz N, Samin KA, Ullah H, Ali A. Relationship of Homocysteine With Gender, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Hemoglobin A1c, and the Duration of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Cureus 2021;13:e19211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.19211
Sellarés VL, Rodríguez DL. Enfermedad Renal Crónica. Nefrol Al día. [Internet]. 2022 [consultado 11 Nov 2022]; [aprox. 38 pp.]. Disponible en: http://www.nefrologiaaldia.org/es-articulo-enfermedad-renal-cronica-136.
Kovesdy C. Obesidad y enfermedad renal: consecuencias ocultas de la epidemia. Nefrologia 2017;37:360–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nefro.2017.02.005
Capdevila-Plaza L, Cubero JJ, Luna E, Hernández-Gallego R. Factores de progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica. Mecanismos inmunológicos. Nefrologia 2009; 29(Sup.1):S7-15.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Características de las defunciones registradas en México durante 2020. INEGI 2021;11–91.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Estadísticas a propósito del día mundial contra la obesidad. INEGI 2020:1-18.
Lameire NH, Levin A, Kellumn JA, Cheung M, Jadoul M, Winkelmayer WC, Stevens PE. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a kidney disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney Int 2021;100(3):516–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2021.06.028
Opazo-Ríos L, Mas S, Marín-Royo G, Mezzano S, Gómez-Guerrero C, Moreno JA, Egido J. Lipotoxicity and Diabetic Nephropathy: Novel Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2020;21(7):2632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072632
Gorostidi M, Santamaría R, Alcázar R, Fernández-Fresnedo G, Galcerán JM, Goicoechea M, et al. Documento de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología sobre las guías KDIGO para la evaluación y el tratamiento de la enfermedad renal crónica. Rev Nefrol 2014;34(3):302–16.
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Diabetes Work Group. KDIGO 2020 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int 2020;98(4S):S1–115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.06.019
Sanabria M, Sánchez-Pedraza R, Vesga J, Paz J, Laganis S. Ingreso a diálisis y mortalidad en un programa de prevención de la enfermedad renal crónica en Colombia. Rev Fac Med 2015;63(2):209–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v63n2.45529
Kramer H, Luke A, Bidani A, Cao G, Cooper R, McGee D. Obesity and Prevalent and Incident CKD: The Hypertension Detection and Follow-Up Program. AJKD 2005;46(4):587–94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.06.007
Othman M, Kawar B, El Nahas AM. Influence of Obesity on Progression of Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Nephron Clin Pract 2009; 113(1):16–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000228071
Lu JL, Molnar MZ, Naseer A, Mikkelsen MK, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP. Association of age and BMI with kidney function and mortality: a cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015;3(9):704–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00128-X
Semanat D, Fernandez M, Torres R, Sat F. El exceso de peso como un factor de riesgo de complicaciones durante la hemodiálisis iterada. Rev Cubana Aliment Nutr 2017;27(1):49–67.
Chen TL, Knicely DH, Grams M.E. Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis and Management: A Review. JAMA 2019;322(13):1294–304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.14745
Bach P, Saéz A, Delgado Y, Sobrano O, Redondo D, Junyent E. Obesidad, diabetes y trasplante. Enferm Nefrol 2017; 20(1):82–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4321/S2254-28842017000100011