Gestión de los residuos del ácido en hemodiálisis: una oportunidad para reducir el impacto ambiental

Abstract

The treatment of chronic kidney disease through haemodialysis has significantly improved patient survival, but it also generates a significant environmental impact. The production, distribution, and disposal of materials used in each session contribute to the carbon footprint, water eutrophication, and non-renewable energy consumption. An underexplored aspect until now is the type of container used to transport dialysis acid. Recent results from a multicentre study conducted in 15 haemodialysis centres of Fundación Renal Española have provided enlightening data on the environmental footprint of different containers: 3.9 L jerrycans, 4.2 L bags, and 300 and 600 L tanks. The study found that jerrycans have the highest carbon footprint, followed by bags, whilst tanks are the most sustainable option. Life cycle analysis revealed that the production and disposal of containers are the main contributors to environmental impact. Jerrycans require much more plastic and generate more waste, whilst tanks allow for more efficient resource use. The adoption of centralised systems could improve sustainability, facilitate logistics, and reduce staff workload, although it requires an initial investment. The concept of "green nephrology" promotes more sustainable practices, with the choice of container type being a key decision. Institutions must take responsibility for applying these findings, seeking solutions that balance environmental sustainability and economic viability in haemodialysis treatment