Cuidados en el hogar en personas sujetas a hemodiálisis enfatizando la dieta y el acceso vascular

Abstract

Introduction: People on hemodialysis must take daily care of their vascular access, adhere to diet and fluid restrictions. However, there are few qualitative studies on this.
Objective: To analyze home care in people on hemodialysis, emphasizing diet and vascular access.
Material and Method: We conducted a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory, and interpretive study, where 12 people on hemodialysis at the Northern Kidney Center in Peru participated, with convenience sampling. The sample size was obtained by the criterion of saturation and redundancy. A semi-structured interview validated by expert judgment was used to collect the data, which were processed according to thematic content analysis.
Results: a) New eating habits to comply with dietary regimen, b) Strategies to comply with fluid regimen and thirst control, c) Care of vascular access in their daily life.
Conclusions: It has been identified that people on hemodialysis, with the support of their families, follow the recommendations of health professionals regarding dietary and fluid restrictions, meticulous care of their vascular access in terms of body hygiene and rest. However, aspects that require improvement through personalized education are identified, especially when they avoid eating at night to control weight, eating out in restaurants or at family gatherings, where the prescribed diet is not followed.